The neoclassical palace was erected between 1836 and 1843 on a hilltop site for King Otto of Greece and Queen Amalia, symbolizing the foundation of the Greek monarchy and the relocation of the nation’s capital to Athens. The royal couple took up residence in 1843. A year after Otto's expulsion in 1862, King George moved in and the palace remained a royal residence until the monarchy was abolished in 1924. By 1922, it began accommodating government agencies, charities, and social services in response to the Asia Minor Catastrophe. In 1935, the Hellenic Parliament officially relocated from the Old Parliament House in Kolokotronis Square to the former Royal Palace at Syntagma Square, where it continues to function today.